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Cough or sneeze into a tissue and throw it away, and then wash your hands.Avoid sharing food, drinking glasses or utensils.Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently for at least 20 seconds, especially after using the toilet, before and after eating, and after sneezing or coughing.Follow these tips and teach your child to do the same: The best way to prevent sore throats is to avoid the germs that cause them and practice good hygiene. Common causes of lowered immunity include HIV, diabetes, treatment with steroids or chemotherapy drugs, stress, fatigue, and poor diet. You're more susceptible to infections in general if your resistance is low. Viral and bacterial infections spread easily anywhere people gather, whether in child care centers, classrooms, offices or airplanes. Drainage from your nose can irritate your throat or spread infection. Particles in the air from burning fossil fuels and common household chemicals can cause throat irritation. Seasonal allergies or ongoing allergic reactions to dust, molds or pet dander make developing a sore throat more likely. The use of tobacco products also increases the risk of cancers of the mouth, throat and voice box. Smoking and secondhand smoke can irritate the throat. Children ages 3 to 15 are also more likely to have strep throat, the most common bacterial infection associated with a sore throat.
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Children and teens are most likely to develop sore throats. Risk factorsĪlthough anyone can get a sore throat, some factors make you more susceptible, including: Both can block the airway, creating a medical emergency. Rarely, an infected area of tissue (abscess) in the throat or swelling of the small cartilage "lid" that covers the windpipe (epiglottitis) can cause a sore throat. Other signs or symptoms may include hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, noisy breathing, a lump in the neck, and blood in saliva or phlegm. Cancerous tumors of the throat, tongue or voice box (larynx) can cause a sore throat. A sore throat and other flu-like symptoms sometimes appear early after someone is infected with HIV.Īlso, someone who is HIV-positive might have a chronic or recurring sore throat due to a fungal infection called oral thrush or due to a viral infection called cytomegalovirus (CMV), which can be serious in people with compromised immune systems. Other signs or symptoms may include heartburn, hoarseness, regurgitation of stomach contents and the sensation of a lump in your throat. GERD is a digestive system disorder in which stomach acids back up in the food pipe (esophagus). You can strain muscles in your throat by yelling, talking loudly or talking for long periods without rest. Chewing tobacco, drinking alcohol and eating spicy foods also can irritate your throat. Outdoor air pollution and indoor pollution such as tobacco smoke or chemicals can cause a chronic sore throat. Breathing through your mouth - often because of chronic nasal congestion - also can cause a dry, sore throat. Dry indoor air can make your throat feel rough and scratchy. The problem may be complicated by postnasal drip, which can irritate and inflame the throat. Allergies to pet dander, molds, dust and pollen can cause a sore throat. The most common is Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) which causes strep throat. Many bacterial infections can cause a sore throat.
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Unusual drooling, which might indicate an inability to swallow.Get immediate care if your child has severe signs and symptoms such as: Take your child to a doctor if your child's sore throat doesn't go away with the first drink in the morning, recommends the American Academy of Pediatrics. Infections causing a sore throat might result in other signs and symptoms, including: Sore, swollen glands in your neck or jaw.Pain that worsens with swallowing or talking.Pain or a scratchy sensation in the throat.Symptoms of a sore throat can vary depending on the cause. The throat includes the esophagus, windpipe (trachea), voice box (larynx), tonsils and epiglottis.